The utility model provides a prevent production system of compound fertilizer caking, the production system includes that the powder flows the heat exchanger, the powder flows the heat exchanger and is connected with coating machine, coating machine is connected with the bulk cargo storehouse, the bulk cargo storehouse is connected with packagine machine. The utility model discloses a substitutingcylinder cooler of powder stream cooling system, newly -increased storehouse in bulk lets fertilizer fully react before the entering packing, avoids fertilizer to agglomerate because of packing a back biological chemistry reaction production temperature rise. Strict airtight in the newly -increased storehouse in bulk, interior expert removes the wet wind, lets fertilizer make the reaction of follow -up reaction totally under the environment of low humidity on the one hand, and on the other hand makes fertilizer at the in -process of temperature reduction absorption moisture not, and the crystal structure and the temperature of fertilizer remain stable like this, the possibility greatly reduced of caking.