The utility model discloses a smoke and dust sampling drying system, including desicator and smoke and dust collection equipment, the desicator includes: condensation chamber and each other are two reserve drying chambers, the smoke and dust at first gets into condensation chamber cooling, after partial moisture is got rid of in the condensation, gets into one of them drying chamber and carries out the drying, and the smoke and dust of smoke and dust collection equipment after to the drying is gathered, will remain the smoke and dust and send into another drying chamber, and the evacuation istaken away to surplus smoke and dust after the drying moisture in with another drying chamber. The utility model discloses can improve smoke and dust drying effect and drying efficiency.