The utility model discloses a quantum encryption USB key. The USB flash disk comprises a USB shell with a USB interface controller, a CPU is arranged in the USB shell. A cipher chip module and a memory module, the CPU, the cipher chip module and the memory module are connected to a first data bus. The first data bus is connected with the second data bus and the control bus through IP interfaces. Wherein the USB interface controller is connected to the CPU through the cryptographic chip module and is externally connected with the quantum key generation equipment through the USB interface controller, and the CPU is used for calling the cryptographic chip module to receive the quantum key and storing the quantum key into the memory module. According to the utility model, hardware support is provided for wireless application of quantum secret communication in an electric power system, wireless communication of the USBkey device shows good adaptability, and the application prospect is good.