The utility model discloses an underground local cooling device based on a heat pipe heat exchange principle. The system comprises an evaporator, a fan, a compressor, a throttle valve, a heat pipe type condenser and a heat conduction working medium, the evaporator, the compressor, the throttle valve and the heat pipe type condenser form a closed-loop connection circulation channel in sequence through pipelines, and the heat conduction working medium circulates in the closed-loop connection circulation channel; the draught fan blows air towards the evaporator, and airflow generated by work of the draught fan carries the cooling capacity in the evaporator to enter an underground excavation working face roadway for heat exchange. The heat pipe condenser is used for an underground working faceroadway, and a heat conduction working medium in the evaporator absorbs heat in the roadway, is changed into high-temperature liquid under the action of the compressor and then transmits the heat tothe heat pipe condenser. Under the action of the vacuum generator, the negative pressure cavity is in a low-pressure state, due to the fact that the spraying water in the low-pressure state is low inphase change temperature, the spraying water absorbs heat of the high-temperature heat pipe to be evaporated rapidly, and heat transfer is completed. The device is simple in structure, low in energy consumption and high in heat exchange efficiency.