The utility model provides an insulating rod test wire anti-falling device and an insulating rod, and belongs to the technical field of safety tools and instruments, the insulating rod test wire anti-falling device comprises a sleeve, a base, a limiting cover and a pressing piece, and the sleeve is used for sleeving the insulating rod; one side of the base is fixedly connected with the side wall of the sleeve, and the surface is provided with a limiting groove penetrating through the base and used for accessing a test wire; the limiting cover is movably connected with the base; the pressing piece is arranged on the limiting cover and used for abutting against the test wire so as to press the test wire into the limiting groove. The insulating rod test wire anti-falling device and the insulating rod provided by the utility model improve the safety in the wiring process, and eliminate the potential safety hazard that the test wire falls off in the wiring process.