The utility model discloses a positioning and aligning device for drainage pipeline installation. The device comprises a base plate, a control motor, a vertical bolt and a connecting rod, a first adjusting window and a second adjusting window are formed in the base plate. A control motor is fixed to the top of the base plate. The vertical bolt penetrates through the first adjusting window; a top nut is installed at the top of the vertical bolt, a fixing plate is fixed to the bottom of the vertical bolt, the connecting rod penetrates through the second adjusting window, the bottom of the connecting rod is connected with the top end of a side plate, a horizontal bolt is installed on the side plate, the horizontal bolt is connected with the contact plate, and meanwhile an outer nut and an inner nut are installed on the horizontal bolt. According to the positioning and aligning device for drainage pipeline installation, a novel structural design is adopted, so that the device can conveniently align two heavy sections of cement drainage pipelines, the aligned drainage pipelines can be fixed, concrete pouring and fixing are facilitated, and compared with traditional manual alignment, theefficiency is high, and the device is safer.