The utility model discloses a vehicle-mounted mobile live ammunition training system. The system comprises a carrying vehicle and a training cabin arranged above the carrying vehicle. The method is characterized in that the method is characterized by comprising the following steps; the training cabin comprises a metal cabin body. Bulletproof steel plates are arranged on six surfaces in the metal cabin body; a shooting position and a shooting target are arranged in the metal cabin body; the shooting position is arranged at the rear part of the metal cabin; the shooting target is arranged at thefront part of the metal cabin body; a connecting line between the shooting position and the shooting target is parallel to the length direction of the metal cabin, bullet-proof rubber bricks and bullet-proof rubber joints are sequentially arranged on the inner wall of the metal cabin on the rear side of the shooting target, rubber floor tiles are arranged at the bottom of the metal cabin, an entrance door is arranged on the side wall of the rear portion of the metal cabin, and a cabin climbing ladder is arranged on the lower side of the entrance door. According to the utility model, the training cabin is arranged on the barge-mounted vehicle, the occupied area is small, and fixed land is not occupied, so that the training work can be directly carried out without steps of planning, construction and the like, the construction is not needed, and the requirement on the geological environment is avoided.