The utility model discloses a ratchet wheel compensation device with a brake locking function. The ratchet wheel comprises a ratchet wheel body, the ratchet wheel body is hinged to the upper end of aratchet wheel brake frame through a ratchet wheel frame connecting plate, a brake clamping plate fixed at a certain angle is arranged in the middle of the ratchet wheel brake frame, vertical ribs arefixed in the middle of the inner side of the ratchet wheel brake frame, and triangular locking bosses protrude out of the upper portions of the inner sides of the vertical ribs. A brake locking deviceis arranged between the ratchet wheel body and the ratchet wheel brake frame, one end of the brake locking device is hinged to the ratchet wheel frame connecting plate, and the other end of the brakelocking device is in lap joint with the upper plane of the triangular locking boss in the working state. After the contact line and the carrier cable of the overhead line system are broken, the ratchet wheel can be immediately braked and cannot be lifted up due to upward external force, the reliability of the braking effect is high, the safety use performance of the ratchet wheel compensation device is effectively improved, and the driving safety is ensured.