The utility model discloses an OFDR distributed sensing optical cable based on transparent soil and a soil interface mechanical property testing device. The drawing model box with the holes is filledwith two layers of layered compacted transparent soil; the distributed sensing optical cable is positioned between the two layers of transparent soil; one end of the optical fiber penetrates through the small hole and then is connected into the OFDR demodulator; the other end is fixed on the clamp; wherein the rigid pressurizing device is placed on transparent soil, the intelligent dynamometer isconnected with the clamp, the stepping motor is connected with the intelligent dynamometer, the OFDR demodulator is provided with a port capable of being connected with a distributed sensing optical cable, and the digital camera is arranged on one side of the drawing model box with a hole and continuously shoots pictures of the optical cable and the transparent soil in the test process. The devicenot only can be used for directly observing and quantitatively analyzing the deformation of the cable-soil interface and surrounding soil in the drawing process, but also can be used for measuring the high-spatial-resolution strain distribution along the optical cable in the gradual debonding process of the cable-soil interface.