The utility model relates to a high thermal insulation concrete building block provided with air interlayers. The utility model is characterized in that any cross section which is vertical with the air interlayer is provided with at least two to four vertical air interlayers, wherein, the upper part and the lower part of the air interlayers are penetrated. The utility model has the advantages that the anti-compression strength of the utility model is high, namely the anti-compression strength is equivalent to 100 red bricks, and the heat conduction coefficient is only 50 percents of the red bricks. Because the heat conduction coefficient of the air interlayers is less that other material heat conduction coefficient constituting enclosed protection structure, namely the existence of the air layers increases the heat transmission resistance of the structure, and the internal and external transmission of the heat is reduced. Because the utility model uses the multiple air interlayers, the heat conduction coefficient is only 0.92w/m< 2 >.