A solar energy cooling and heating device is characterized in that a polarity convertible semiconductor thermoelectric module is used as a cooling and heating device, a solar energy battery, a battery and a DC power supply which is output via AC-DC conversion are connected in parallel to form a power supply, switch tubes and corresponding control circuit are arranged in a power supply loop. The device is particularly suitable for the mobile places and the regions without electricity and can be also connected with outer AC and DC. The device can satisfy the requirement of cooling or heating objects from -10 DEG to 60 DEG in anytime and anywhere.