The utility model relates to a breaker of large capacity vacuum short circuit current which comprises a vacuum interrupter, a current limiting fuse and a permanent magnetic actuator, wherein the permanent magnetic actuator includes an upper iron core, a lower iron core, a separating coil and a permanent magnetic core. The separating coil is disposed out of the permanent magnetic core. The upper iorn core engage links with the movable conductor pole, wherein a movable contact is disposed. The movable contact and the fixed contact connect to the current limiting fuse respectively via the movable conductor pole and the fixed conductor pole. The utility model has large rated current and breaking current, simple structure, reliable operation without maintenance and the device for accurately detecting the short circuit current. Also, the utility model has small size, low cost for widely using. Especially, the large rated current and breaking current meet the demand of short circuit protection in large transformer and generator.