According to the present invention, a file recovery system is provided in which the commands for recovering files such as a historical file are unnecessitated and the recovery system configuration is independent of the host processing system. That is, since the equipment (12) for achieving a file recovery does not have an information about the location of the recovery data, an information about the content of a file to be recovered is transmitted to a transmission line (1). The other equipments (12) asynchronously receive the information and judges whether or not a file containing the same file exists in the own system. If the file exists, the content of the file is transmitted to the transmission line (1). The equipment (12) achieving the file recovery asynchronously receives from the transmission line (1) the file data of files such as a historical file and establishes data consistency by use of the buffered current data (504) and the event number (1004), thereby recovering files such as a historical file.