A hitless path switching method without a bit loss. A bit error in the same digital line signals is continuously monitored independently of a predetermined data blocks of a working path (51) and a protection path (61). If a bit error occurs in the working path and no bit error occurs in the protection path, a switching trigger is produced and the switching from the working path to the protection path is performed on the data block basis. Only correct data are transferred to downstream apparatuses. A reliable hitless switching is achieved not only in response to a failure in its own path, but also in response to a bit error. Using data blocks of one frame length with an indicator for bit error check placed at its top makes an effective switching possible.