A railway rail anchoring device (300), for use with a railway rail-fastening clip (1') which is approximately M-shaped in plan and has first and second leg portions and a rail-bearing portion, comprises first and second clip-retaining members (304), connected together by a base member (301), each of which define a passageway (309) for receiving one of the leg portions of such a clip (17). A boundary surface (314) of at least one of the passageways (309) includes first locating means (305) for engagement with a first region of the leg portion of the clip (1') located in that passageway such that the clip (1') can be held in a non-rail-bearing pre-assembly position in which the clip (1') is retained by the device (300) such that the clip (1') cannot move out of the said pre-assembly position towards a rail unless driven in a first direction. The first locating means (305) are provided at a location intermediate respective ends of the passageway (309), so as to allow the device to be manufactured without an expendable core.