Silicone oils, permanently cross-linked silicone resins or silicone particles in cross-linked resins, all of which being used for protecting against fouling (top curve), do not achieve any optimal results since no individual adaptation to the prevailing environmental conditions ensues. The inventive polymeric coating paste, on the contrary, has a defined rheological switching behavior (bottom curve) based on a flow point, which can be set to the hydrodynamic and biological environmental conditions for the part and which is between 5 Pa and 2000 Pa above the wall shear stress of the unfouled part to be protected. When the part is in a state in which it is not fouled, the nontoxic and hydrophobic coating paste forms a solid colonization substrate. In the minimally burdened state, the coating paste liquefies and acts as a loss layer thereby having a self-cleaning effect. The flow point can be set by selecting the composition base of the paste and by the homogeneous mixing thereof with fillers that increase or decrease shear. The rheological switching behavior makes it possible to efficiently prevent permanent fouling on sea structures.