An aqueous TFE polymer dispersion which has a high concentration and is stable although it is a dispersion obtained through polymerization in the absence of a fluorochemical surfactant or in the presence of the surfactant in a low concentration. It is an aqueous TFE polymer dispersion obtained by polymerizing TFE in an aqueous medium in the presence of a fluorovinyl group-containing emulsifying agent comprising a fluorovinyl group-containing compound having a carboxy group, and is characterized by comprising the aqueous medium and particles of a TFE polymer dispersed therein and having a fluorochemical surfactant content of 1,000 ppm by mass or lower.