The present invention is a method for separately collecting an optically active amino acid amide and an optically active amino acid from an aqueous solution containing the optically active amino acid amide and the optically active amino acid together with at least one member selected from the group consisting of an acid, a base and a salt: comprising a neutralization step of neutralizing an acid or a base when the aqueous solution contains the acid or the base; a desalting step of removing a salt contained in the aqueous solution and/or formed in the neutralization step; and a step of collecting the optically active amino acid amide and the optically active amino acid separately from the aqueous solution which has been desalted in the desalting step, by a process which takes advantage of a difference in solubility between the two components in an organic solvent. The desalting step is preferably performed by an electrodialysis process optionally in the state where ammonia is added to the aqueous solution. According to the present invention, an optically active amino acid amide and an optically active amino acid, which are important as intermediates in the production of pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals, and various industrial chemicals, can be separately collected with high efficiency by use of an organic solvent.