The present invention discloses a temperature compensation attenuator, comprising: a base (6), a thin film thermistor (1) on the base (6), an input terminal (3) and an output terminal (4) which are connected to the two ends of the thin film thermistor (1) respectively, and a thermistor (2), the top side of the thermistor (2) is electronically connected to the bottom side of the thermistor (1), the bottom side of the thermistor (2) is electronically connected to the ground. By connecting the temperature compensation attenuator of the present invention to the high frequency and microwave active circuit, it can compensate variance of the gain of the high frequency and microwave active device or the drift of the frequency characteristic of the active device due to the temperature variance. The temperature compensation attenuator of the present invention can be used in various of high frequency and microwave circuits and systems in particular, suitable for mobile communication systems, satellite communication systems and radar systems which require a strict temperature characteristic.