The invention relates to gas diffusion electrodes with improved proton conduction between an electrocatalyst located in a catalyst layer and an adjacent polymer electrode membrane, capable of being used at operating temperatures of up to the boiling point of water, ensuring lasting high gas permeability. The invention also relates to a production method and to corresponding fuel cells. At least one part of the particles of an electrically conductive carrier material in the catalyst layer is at least partially charged with at least one porous, proton-conducting polymer which can be used above the boiling point of water. Charging and development of the porous structure is carried out in a phase inversion method. The inventive gas diffusion electrodes can be used in high-temperature fuel cells working at temperatures beyond the boiling temperature of water without a drop in performance in normal operation mode.