The present invention provides a piezoelectric ceramic composition having a high thermal resistance and a high piezoelectric distortion constant and a piezoelectric element using the piezoelectric ceramic composition. The piezoelectric ceramic composition of the present invention contains Na, Bi, Ti, Cr and O, wherein the content ratio of Na, Bi, Ti and Cr in terms of oxides thereof falls within the following composition range: a Na 2 O- b Bi 2 O 3 - c TiO 2 - d CrO where a, b, c and d are mole fractions; 0.030 ≤ a ≤ 0.042; 0.330 ≤ b ≤0.370; 0.580 ≤ c ≤ 0.620; 0 d ≤ 0.017; and a + b + c + d = 1. The piezoelectric ceramic composition preferably has a main crystal phase of bismuth layer-structured ferroelectric, more preferably Na 0.5 Bi 4.5 Ti 4 O 15 crystal. The piezoelectric element of the present invention includes a piezoelectric body formed of the piezoelectric ceramic composition and at least a pair of electrodes held in contact with the piezoelectric body.