The invention relates to a method of identifying an electronic or electromechanical system comprising the steps consisting in applying at least one noise signal (u) as input to said system, applying an output signal of said system to a one-bit analogue digital converter, acquiring a signal at the output of said converter, carrying out an estimation of the output of said system with the aid of means for performing an estimation (h) of the impulse response of said system, the estimation (h) of said impulse response comprising the iterative calculation of a plurality of nh elements (Jo, Ji, Jnh-1 ) of a given criterion (J) comprising respectively at least one term of correlation between said signal at the output of said converter and said noise signal.