A wireless communication system includes: a multiple number of mobile station apparatuses that transmit coded bits obtained by applying error-correction coding to information bits; a relay station apparatus that receives coded bits from the multiple mobile station apparatuses, applies network coding on the coded bits and transmits the network-coded bits; and a base station apparatus that receives and decodes the codedbits and the network-codedbits, wherein the base station apparatus, when decoding the received coded bits, performs iterative decoding by regarding the received coded bits as a serially concatenated code of network coding and error correction coding. Accordingly, decoding is performed by regarding the network code and the error correction code as a serial concatenated code, it is possible to obtain diversity with a simple configuration. Further, since no lamination is imposed on the error correction codingmethod, it is possible to provide a wireless communication system and the like which allow flexible system design.