An electrode material, an electrode, and a lithium ion battery in which it is possible to improve not only the amount of gas generated in the battery during charge and discharge but also the deterioration of battery components without reducing the charge and discharge capacity are provided. The electrode material is an electrode material including carbonaceous electrode active material complex particles which include a carbonaceous material on surfaces of electrode active material particles, in which an oxygen content rate in the carbonaceous material is 5.0% by mass or less, and a coating ratio of the carbonaceous material on the surfaces of the carbonaceous electrode active material complex particles is 60% or more.