A mobile ad-hoc communications network with multi-interface dynamic routing includes multiple mobile nodes with mobile wireless communication and multiple mobile nodes with mobile wireless communication and satellite communication. At least some of the mobile nodes with mobile wireless communication are dynamically-switched between operating as an ordinary node or as a backbone node. At least some of the mobile nodes with mobile wireless communication and satellite communication are dynamically-switched between operating as an ordinary node or as a backbone node. All of the mobile nodes communicate over a dynamically-formed ordinary communication link. Mobile nodes operating as backbone nodes additionally communicate over a dynamically-formed backbone link. Data is routed in the network by an ad-hoc multi-interface dynamic routing which routes data between the mobile nodes by mobile wireless communication and by satellite communication in accordance with respective communication capabilities of the mobile nodes, so as to incorporate satellite communications into the network.