An image pickup apparatus includes a light source apparatus (4) configured to emit a first illumination light or a second illumination light which has a relatively smaller light emission amount than a light emission amount of the first illumination light to an object, an image pickup device (15) configured to acquire an image by picking up an image of the object illuminated with the first or the second illumination light, and a CPU (30) configured to make a mode transition between a first mode in which the image is picked up by emitting the first illumination light and a second mode in which the image is picked up by emitting the second illumination light, and set at least one of a processing parameter for processing an image in a mode after the mode transitions after transition of the mode is completed and a brightness control parameter for controlling intensity of the illumination light.