A method for manufacturing an optical element includes the steps of: providing a first material (5) including a precursor of a first energy curable resin which contains fine particles of a transparent conductive material on a transparent substrate (4), curing the first material (5) by light irradiation, and performing a heat treatment on the cured first material. In the method described above, the cured first material processed by the heat treatment is again processed by light irradiation.