Provided are: a method for efficiently manufacturing an abrasion-resistant resin substrate with a hard coating film with adhesiveness and weather resistance obtained by sequentially laminating a primer layer and a hard coating layer on a resin substrate without decreasing the adhesiveness and the weather resistance; and a resin substrate with hard coat film obtained by this method. A method for manufacturing a resin substrate with a hard coating film having a primer layer and a hard coating layer, includes: a step of forming a primer layer containing an acrylic polymer on one main surface of a resin film to obtain a resin film laminate;a step of forming a resin substrate by injection molding on another main surface of the resin film in the resin film laminate; and a step of applying a hard coating layer forming composition on the primer layer and curing the hard coating layer forming composition.