An aqueous ink composition includes an aqueous medium and resin microparticles formed from a resin, in which the resin has a structural unit represented by General Formula (1) or (2), and the content of the resin microparticles is 1% to 15% by mass, R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; A 1 represents -O- or -NR 3 -; L 1 represents an alkylene group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms; M 1 and M 2 each represent a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal ion, or an ammonium ion; A 2 represents a single bond, -COO-, or -CONH-; and L 2 represents a divalent linking group having 6 to 23 carbon atoms.