An uplink power allocation method, an uplink power allocation device and an uplink power allocation system are provided. The uplink power allocation method includes: determining users to be paired, based on locations of the users within the cell; determining Patten Division Multiple Access (PDMA) pattern matrixes, allocating different PDMA pattern vector groups for the users respectively, and obtaining a power control pattern matrix based on the PDMA pattern vector groups; and determining power control factors of the users in each pair based on the power control pattern matrix, and determining an uplink transmission power of each user based on the power control factors.