The present disclosure relates to a communication technique for converging a 5G communication system, which is provided to support a higher data transmission rate beyond a 4G system with an IoT technology, and a system therefor. The present disclosure may be applied to an intelligent service (for example, smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, healthcare, digital education, retail business, security and safety-related service, etc.) on the basis of a 5G communication technology and an IoT-related technology. The present disclosure relates to an efficient method and device for uplink communication in a narrow band system which provides an IoT service in a band for a broadband system, and a method for uplink communication in a narrow band system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure comprises the steps of: receiving, by a terminal, control information associated with uplink transmission of symbols from a base station; and performing, by the terminal, the uplink transmission using symbols except a second symbol overlapping with a first symbol for transmission of an uplink reference signal in a broadband system, on the basis of the control information.