The invention relates to a drilling machine (10) for drilling into the ground (S) in a vertical drilling direction (F), said machine comprising: an anchoring module (30) having a front face (32) and a rear face (34), the anchoring module comprising at least one anchoring device (40) including at least one front anchor plate (42) and at least one rear anchor plate (44) which can be deployed in a deployment direction (DI) transverse to the longitudinal direction (L) of the drilling machine (10), such as to bear against the walls (P1, P2) of the excavation (E) in order to immobilise the anchoring module (30) in the ground. The anchoring device (40) also comprises: a frame (70) carrying the front (32) and rear (34) anchor plates, said frame (70) supporting the drilling module (50); and an actuator device to which the front and rear (34) anchor plates are secured, the actuator device being movable relative to the frame (70) along a movement direction (D2) transverse to the longitudinal direction, whereby the frame (70) of the anchoring module can be moved together with the drilling module (50) relative to the assembly formed by the front anchor plate (42), the rear anchor plate (44) and the actuator device (72) along the movement direction.