A lithium-ion rechargeable battery negative electrode active material and a preparation method thereof, a lithium-ion rechargeable battery negative electrode plate, and a lithium-ion rechargeable battery are disclosed. The negative electrode active material includes a carbon core and a coating layer formed on a surface of the carbon core, a material of the coating layer includes amorphous carbon and a doping element, and the doping element includes element nitrogen. The lithium-ion rechargeable battery negative electrode active material has the carbon core, and the coating layer that includes the doping element and the amorphous carbon is provided on the surface of the carbon core. Therefore, the negative electrode active material has advantages such as a long service life, a high capacity, a high-rate charge/discharge characteristic, and low costs. The negative electrode active material can effectively improve a charge rate of a battery, especially a fast charge capability at a low temperature.