Provided is a toner including toner base particles and an external additive, wherein each of the toner base particles includes a binder resin, a release agent, and silica, an average abundance ratio (X surf ) of the silica on a region adjacent to a surface of the toner base particle is from 70% through 90%, and a projected area average value S(180) per particle of the toner when the toner is heated to 180°C and a projected area average value S(30) per particle of the toner when the toner is 30°C satisfy Formula (1) below, 1.4 ≤ S 180 / S 30 ≤ 1.7