Provided are a method for manufacturing a resin sheet 10 capable of substantially transmitting heat, the resin sheet 10, a method for manufacturing a structural body using the resin sheet 10, the structural body, and an airframe of an aircraft. The method for manufacturing the resin sheet 10 comprises: a coating step; a heating step; and a pressurizing step. In the coating step, linear metal nanomaterial 14 is coated on a surface of a resin film 12 having thermal plasticity. In the heating step, the resin film 12 having the linear metal nanomaterial 14 coated on the surface thereof is heated and softened. In the pressurizing step, the resin film 12 having the linear metal nanomaterial 14 coated on the surface thereof is pressurized to press the linear metal nanomaterial 14 along a direction orthogonal to the surface on which the linear metal nanomaterial 14 is coated. Thus, the coated linear metal nanomaterial 14 is caused to penetrate the resin film 12 to obtain the resin sheet 10 containing the linear metal nanomaterial 14.