An optical fingerprint recognition device and a display device are disclosed. The optical fingerprint recognition device includes a light source (11), a light guide plate (12), a first volume grating (13), a second volume grating (14) and a light detector (15). The light guide plate (12) includes two light guide surfaces (121) which are parallel to each other; the first volume grating (13) and the second volume grating (14) are respectively provided on one of the light guide surfaces (121) of the light guide plate (12); the light source (11) is provided at a side of the light guide plate (12) away from the first volume grating (13); the light detector (15) is provided at a side of the light guide plate (12) away from the second volume grating (14); the first volume grating (13) is configured to import light emitted by the light source (11) into the light guide plate (12); the light guide plate (12) is configured to perform total reflection to the light imported into the light guide plate (12); the second volume grating (14) is configured to export light propagated in the light guide plate (12); the light detector (15) is configured to detect intensity distribution of the light exported by the second volume grating (14).