An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes a first housing including a first face and a second face, a second housing including a third face and a fourth face, a folding part rotatably connecting the first housing and the second housing, a flexible display disposed on the first face and the third face across the folding part and including a first area corresponding to the first face and a second area corresponding to the third face, at least one camera exposed through at least a portion of the fourth face, at least one memory configured to store instructions, and at least one processor execute a camera application based on a user input, determine a folded state of the electronic device and a direction of the at least one camera while the camera application is executed, identify at least one of the first area or the second area as a preview area in which a preview image acquired through the at least one camera is displayed, based on at least one of the determined folded state and the determined direction, and display the preview image, acquired through the at least one camera, in the identified preview area using the flexible display.