This application provides a fingerprint anti-counterfeiting method and an electronic device. The method includes: An electronic device detects a first operation of a user; the electronic device obtains a fingerprint image and a touch signal in response to the first operation; and the electronic device determines, based on the fingerprint image and the touch signal, that the fingerprint image is a fingerprint image of a real finger or a fingerprint image of a fake finger. The fingerprint anti-counterfeiting method in embodiments of this application helps improve accuracy in recognizing a fake fingerprint.