A wind farm layout optimization method and optimization system, and a computer readable storage medium. A wind farm includes a plurality of nodes and the plurality of nodes include a booster station and a plurality of wind turbines. The optimization method includes: obtaining wind turbine position coordinates of the plurality of wind turbines (101); and, according to the wind turbine position coordinates, solving an optimization problem with minimization of an objective function of a cable cost of the wind farm as target by using meta-heuristic algorithm to obtain an optimized solution of a position coordinate of the booster station, an optimized solution of a connection relationship of the plurality of nodes and an optimized solution of cable information of a plurality of paths connecting the plurality of nodes (102); where the connection relationship represents whether paired nodes of the plurality of nodes are connected. The objective function includes a cable power loss determined based on a power flow of the wind farm.