Cardiomyopathies are heart muscle disorders which represent a heterogeneous group of diseases that often lead to progressive heart failure with significant morbidity and mortality. Here, the inventors show that neutralization of ACBP/DBI reduces the deleterious effect of the anthracycline doxorubicin on cardiac function. Since anthracycline-induced heart failure is a model of accelerated cardiac aging, it is also plausible to use ACBP/DBI inhibition or neutralization as a method to prevent or treat aging of the cardiovascular system. The inventors also found that genetic and pharmacological interventions to deplete ACBP efficiently improve cardiac dysfunction associated with experimental HFpEF, a condition associated with aging, hypertension and obesity. Accordingly, the present invention relates to methods for the treatment of cardiac dysfunction comprising neutralization of Acyl-CoA Binding Protein.