The present disclosure provides a positioning method and device, a robot, and a readable storage medium. The method includes: acquiring a positioning parameter collected by each positioning module and a RSSI difference between positioning modules in each set, and determining a target positioning module based on positioning parameters collected by a set of positioning modules with a largest RSSI difference, to determine a relative positional relationship between the robot and a target device. In the present disclosure, after the positioning parameter collected by each positioning module is acquired, the target positioning module is determined based on the RSSI difference between the positioning modules in each set to position the target device, so that the robot can select the positioning module with the highest accuracy of the ranging result at present in a case of being provided with the plurality of positioning modules, and uses the positioning parameter collected by this positioning module for positioning, which improves the accuracy of the positioning result of the robot while reducing the setup cost of a robot positioning system.