The present application relates to a pipe cleaner and a pipeline cleaning system, the pipe cleaner is applied to a to-be-cleaned pipeline, the pipe cleaner comprises a body (100), and a cleaning portion (110) is arranged on the surface of the body; wherein the cleaning portion is configured as a conductive structure, and when the body moves along the pipeline (200), the cleaning portion can push out dust particles in the pipeline to the tail end of the pipeline and guide out static electricity generated by friction with the pipeline. In the present application, by arranging the cleaning portion arranged on the surface of the pipe cleaner body as a conductive structure, it is feasible to utilize the conductivity of the cleaning portion to effectively guide out the static electricity generated by friction between the cleaning portion and the pipe wall through the pipeline during the process of cleaning dust particles in the pipeline with the pipe cleaner, and effectively prevent the static electricity from being accumulated at the cleaning portion and the surface of the pipe cleaner and reacting with hazardous dust particles, thereby not only ensuring the cleaning effect for the pipeline, but also ensuring safety in the process of cleaning dust particles in the pipeline with a pipe cleaner, and safety accidents such as combustion and explosion are avoided.