The present disclosure relates to an imaging system and method for radiographic inspection. The imaging system for radiographic inspection includes an inspection area including an imaging area; a first ray source assembly, all the first target spots of which are arranged in a first ray source plane; a first detector assembly, the plurality of first detector units of which are arranged in a detector plane, the detector plane and the first ray source plane are spaced apart from each other in a travelling direction of the object under inspection with a predetermined distance; and a ray source control device, configured such that when the region of interest of the object under inspection is at least partially located in the imaging area, the first ray source assembly emits X-rays simultaneously from at least two first target spots to the imaging area at the same time, wherein among the at least two first target spots of the first ray source assembly that simultaneously emit X-rays to the imaging area, a ray emission range of each first target spot can cover the imaging area, and the first detector crystals corresponding to the ray emission ranges of any two first target spots do not coincide with each other.