The invention relates to a method of determining, from an assayed sample or a population of assayed samples previously drawn from patients, a transcriptomic score (TScore) suitable for assessing a risk of adverse clinical outcome for patients in a clinical setting, said method involving, amongst other steps, the measurement of gene expression values on a patient sample or a population of samples previously obtained from patients for at least two distinct genes selected among a predetermined set of genes, and the determination of a transcriptomic score where the genes are assigned or not assigned a point. The method can be computer-implemented. The genes of the predetermined set of genes can be at least two genes selected among: ADGRE3, ARL14EP, BPGM, C3AR1, CCNB1IP1, CD177, CD274, CD3D, CD74, CIITA, CTLA4, CX3CR1, GNLY, IFNgamma, IL10, IL1R2, IL1RN, IL7R, IP10/CXCL10, MDC1, OAS2, S100A9, TAP2, TDRD9, TNF and ZAP70. The method can be implemented on assayed biological sample(s) drawn from patient(s) which have been admitted in a reanimation unit, an intensive or continuing care unit. The invention also relates to a method to classify a sample previously drawn from a patient, in a group reflecting a risk of adverse clinical outcome in a clinical setting, or to identify a patient at risk of adverse clinical outcome in a clinical setting, as well as an in vitro or ex vivo method of screening whether a drug has the capacity to alleviate an adverse clinical outcome in a patient. The invention also relates to computer means for implementing the invention, and the use of a kit for carrying out a method of the invention.