The present application relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy materials, and provides a super-heat-resistant aluminum alloy monofilament. The strength of the monofilament is greater than 170 MPa, the conductivity is greater than 58% IACS, and a strength residual rate of the monofilament is greater than 90% when the monofilament is heated at 400°C for 1 hour. The monofilament is prepared by the following method: providing an aluminum alloy rod; performing first aging heat treatment on the aluminum alloy rod; drawing a rod material into a monofilament; and performing second aging heat treatment on the alloy monofilament, wherein elemental components of the aluminum alloy rod comprise, in percentage by mass, 0.15%-0.30% of Fe, smaller than or equal to 0.08% of Si, 0.1%-0.3% of Ni, 0.01%-0.2% of Nb, 0.2%-0.35% of Zr, 0.05%-0.2% of Re, and the remainder being Al and other inevitable impurity elements, and the total amount of the inevitable impurity elements is less than or equal to 0.03%.