Embodiments regard improved satellite position determination with age of measurement data. A method includes receiving measurement data from a satellite, in a first iteration, increasing a dimensionality of the measurement data to a specified number of dimensions resulting in N-dimensional input data, performing dynamic mode decomposition on the N-dimensional measurement data resulting in a Koopman operator and modes of the N-dimensional measurement data, adaptive filtering a time domain residue resulting in a filtered residue, and updating, based on the filtered residue and a time domain deterministic component of the N-dimensional measurement data, a state vector of an object associated with the satellite measurement data.