A data processing method, a data processing apparatus, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The data processing method is applied to a data processing apparatus. The data processing apparatus comprises a plurality of computing modules, wherein each of the plurality of computing modules comprises a plurality of thread execution units and a shared memory shared by the plurality of thread execution units, and the plurality of computing modules comprise a first computing module and a second computing module. The data processing method comprises: by means of a data transmission channel established between the shared memory of the first computing module and the shared memory of the second computing module, directly transmitting data to be exchanged between a first workgroup run by the first computing module and a second workgroup run by the second computing module. This method can shorten a data reading path, accelerate a data reading speed, and reduce the bandwidth requirements on a global memory reading path.