一种方法包括在衬底的特定位置磁性地保持携带生物材料（例如，核酸，其可以是DNA片段或扩增的DNA的形式）的珠，并施加局部于珠的电场以分离生物 材料或生物材料的反应产物或副产物。 例如，珠粒与具有相关生物材料的其它珠粒分离。 各种实施方案中的电场浓缩用于扩增或测序反应的试剂，和/或浓缩和分离可检测的反应副产物。 例如，通过分离单个珠周围的核酸，电场可以允许克隆扩增，作为乳液PCR的替代。 在其他实施例中，电场将纳米传感器隔离到珠子附近，以便于检测局部pH变化，局部电导率变化，局部电荷浓度变化和局部热中的至少一种。 珠可以以局部磁场区域阵列的形式被捕获。

The present invention extracts a polynucleotide, for the amplification and sequencing, improved systems and methods are needed.
A
The method is applied biological material (e.g., a nucleic acid which may be in the form of DNA fragments or amplified DNA) and to magnetically hold the beads carrying a defined position of the substrate, a local electric field to the bead including and to isolate the product or by-product of the reaction of the biological material or biological material. For example, to isolate the beads, from other beads having a meeting the biological material. Electric field in various embodiments, reagents for amplification or sequencing reaction was concentrated, and / or a detectable reaction by-products is concentrated and sequestration. For example, by isolating the individual beads around the nucleic acid, the electric field may allow the clonal amplification of as a replacement for the emulsion PCR.
.FIELD 1A