The present invention relates to an anode active material for a lithium secondary battery and a secondary battery comprising same and, specifically, to an anode active material comprising low-expansion artificial graphite showing low expansion characteristics upon charge or discharge and a lithium secondary battery comprising same. According to the present invention, an anode active material containing a carbon-based material and a silicon-based material comprises at least a predetermined content of low-expansion artificial graphite, thereby remedying shortcomings of deterioration in energy density and cycle characteristics due to volume expansion, which may occur in an anode active material containing a silicon-based material. Particularly, the present invention achieves a simple manufacturing process and excellent economic feasibility since there is no need to reduce the volume expansion rate of the silicon-based material itself, or to change or process the shape, particle diameter, structure, or the like of the carbon-based material, as in the conventional art.