The present invention purifies and inflows outside air using photovoltaic power generation, discharges contaminated indoor air, is installed on the outer outer wall of the window, so that the noise is low and the internal space is not limited, no separate power is required, and purification Provides a self-powered ventilation cleaning system and its control method that extracts and informs the operating time of the ventilation cleaning system by measuring the flow rate of the air and the concentration of fine dust in the room.